American consumers trust the safety of their food supply, but numerous ingredients commonly found in US products have been banned elsewhere due to potential health risks. From suspected carcinogens to hormonal disruptors, these additives are commonly found in everyday products. Read on to learn which ingredients banned in other countries are still used in US products and examine the implications for public health.
Ractopamine
Banned In – 122 Countries, including Russia, Taiwan, EU, China
Ractopamine, a growth hormone commonly used in US livestock, is a subject of intense global debate. While the FDA claims it’s safe, 122 countries, including major markets like China and the EU, have banned its use, citing health risks. These include reproductive and cardiovascular issues, as well as chromosomal and behavioral changes in humans. Unlike other substances used in animal agriculture, ractopamine residues remain in meat, raising concerns about consumer safety.
Artificial Food Dyes
Banned In – EU, Australia, Japan
Synthetic food dyes, such as Red 3, Yellow 5, and Blue 2, are commonly used in processed foods to intensify their colors. While these additives have been linked to health issues, particularly in children, the US continues to permit their use. In contrast, many countries, including those in the European Union, Australia, and Japan, have taken a stricter approach, banning certain or all synthetic food dyes in favor of natural alternatives.
Propylparaben
Banned In – EU
Propylparaben is a preservative commonly found in packaged food products like tortillas, muffins, and trail mix to extend shelf life. However, growing concerns about its potential health risks, including hormonal disruptions and reproductive issues, have led to propylparaben being banned in many countries. While studies link propylparaben to these problems, the US continues to allow its use. Cornell University research has suggested a possible link between paraben exposure and breast cancer. The European Union has banned it in both food and cosmetics. Notably, California has become a pioneer in the US by enacting a ban on propylparaben, among other harmful food additives, effective in 2027.
Olestra
Banned In – UK, Canada
Olestra, a calorie-free fat substitute, is used in some chips and fries. While it helps reduce fat and cholesterol intake, it can cause severe digestive issues like diarrhea. Additionally, it interferes with the absorption of vitamins A, D, E, K, and carotenoids. Due to these concerns, Canada and the UK have banned it, but it’s still allowed in the US.
rBGH and rBST
Banned In – EU, Canada
Synthetic hormones like rBGH and rBST are used to boost milk production in US dairy cows. While the FDA claims it’s safe, many countries have banned their use due to concerns about potential health risks to cows and humans. These hormones may increase the risk of cancer and other health issues. Some dairy farmers have opted out of using these hormones, so finding rBGH-free milk is possible.
Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Banned In – EU (proposed)
Despite concerns, PFAS, harmful chemicals linked to cancer, are still used in food packaging, such as microwave popcorn bags, takeout containers, and pet food bags. While some countries and cities are taking action to ban them, the FDA has not yet followed suit. Fast food giants have pledged to phase out PFAS, but recent lawsuits suggest challenges in meeting this goal. Consumers should reduce exposure by choosing alternative packaging options when possible.
Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)
Banned In – Australia, EU, Canada, Japan, and New Zealand
BHA, a synthetic preservative, is commonly found in cereals, chips, and other packaged foods. While it prevents food spoilage, it’s classified as a potential carcinogen by the National Toxicology Program’s 14th Report on Carcinogens. Australia, Europe, Canada, Japan, and New Zealand have banned its use, raising concerns about its safety. Check food labels and opt for BHA-free alternatives when possible.
Azodicarbonamide
Banned In – EU and Australia
Azodicarbonamide, a chemical found in yoga mats, also appears in some breads and cereals. While the FDA permits its use, it’s banned in Europe and Australia due to potential health risks. Linked to respiratory issues and the formation of a cancer-causing substance, this additive has faced scrutiny. While many food chains have removed it, it’s still present in some products.
Theobromine
Restricted Use In EU
Chocolate and tea contain theobromine, a stimulant similar to caffeine. While generally safe, high intake can lead to side effects such as difficulty sleeping and nervousness. The EU restricts its artificial addition to foods, unlike the US, where it is used more freely. While enjoying chocolate and tea is generally harmless, moderation is vital to avoid potential negative impacts.
High Fructose Corn Syrup
Restricted Use In EU
High fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is widely used in many processed foods and beverages. It’s made from corn starch and is often criticized for its potential link to health issues like obesity, diabetes, and fatty liver disease. While the US heavily relies on HFCS, the EU has stricter regulations on its use. Many health experts recommend reducing overall sugar intake, including HFCS, as part of a balanced diet.
Arsenic-based Drugs
Banned In – EU
Arsenic-based drugs were commonly used in US poultry feed to boost growth and improve meat appearance. While initially considered benign, the organic form of arsenic used in poultry feed converts into inorganic arsenic, a known carcinogen. Prolonged inorganic arsenic exposure can cause cancer, neurological damage, and other health problems. Despite these findings, the US has been slower than the EU in phasing out arsenic in poultry production, raising concerns about public health.
Diphenylamine (DPA)
Diphenylamine (DPA) is a chemical widely used to preserve the appearance of apples and pears, preventing them from browning during storage. This glossy finish enhances the fruit’s appeal to consumers. However, concerns over DPA’s safety have led to a regulatory divide. The European Union has banned DPA due to potential health risks associated with its breakdown products, which are suspected carcinogens. In contrast, the US continues to allow its use, with regulators asserting that the levels present in apples are safe for consumption.